What processing framework does Amazon EMR use?

Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce) primarily uses Hadoop as its underlying processing framework. Hadoop is an open-source framework designed for distributed storage and processing of large datasets across clusters of computers. The key components of Hadoop that EMR utilizes include the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) for storing data across multiple nodes, and the MapReduce programming model for processing that data in parallel.

While Amazon EMR also supports other processing frameworks such as Apache Spark, it is fundamentally built on Hadoop technology, particularly for batch processing tasks. This means that Hadoop remains the core framework used for its operations, even if additional frameworks like Spark are integrated to offer enhanced performance and capabilities for specific workflows.

In contrast, Kafka is a distributed streaming platform used for building real-time data pipelines and streaming applications, and RDS (Relational Database Service) is a managed relational database service, neither of which serves as a processing framework similar to Hadoop.